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词根:tele

关键点:核心义是“强/支撑/加固”。把 fortis 想成一股“承重力”:能把结构顶住(fort/fortress),也能把力量推出去(effort),还能把人心扶稳(comfort)。希腊 tele = far(远)。把它想成“力场/要塞”:一方面是 strong,一方面是把东西“加固/支撑起来”。tele- 表“远距离、远程”。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/television)

目录

A. 意象化理解

  • 从“距离远”到“远程传递(电话、电视、电报)、远程工作(telework)”。television = 远处看的(像);telegram = 远处写(的信);telepathy = 远处感受 → 心灵感应。

  • (技术语境):把系统当作“城防工程”:fortify=加固边界;effort=把力打出去;comfort=给用户“稳住”的支撑。

  • 三条路径:fort/fortress(防御)→ effort(出力)→ comfort/fortitude(扶稳/坚韧)。

B. 词汇表

-- television [A1](电视):tele-(far)+ vis-(see)+ -ion。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/television)

  • 例句:The interview was broadcast on television.

  • telegram [B2](电报):tele- + gram-(write)。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/telegram)

    • 例句:They sent a telegram to confirm the order.

-- telescope [B2](望远镜):tele- + scope-(look)。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/telescope)

  • 例句:The telescope was pointed at the distant galaxy.

  • telegraph [B2](电报;电报机)

    • 拆解:tele-(far)+ -graph(write)→ 远处写
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):把信息“写到远处去” → 电报;电报机。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/telegraph)
    • 例句:The news was sent by telegraph.
  • telecommute [B2](远程办公)

    • 拆解:tele-(far)+ commute(通勤)→ 远距离“通勤”(在家办公)
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):不用到现场的通勤 → 远程办公。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/telecommute)
    • 例句:She telecommutes three days a week.
  • teleconference [B2](电话/视频会议)

  • telecom [C1](电信行业;电信)

    • 拆解:telecom = telecommunication(缩写)
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):telecommunication 的口语/行业缩写 → 电信;电信行业。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/telecom)
    • 例句:She works in telecom.
  • telecast [C1](电视广播)

    • 拆解:tele-(far)+ cast(broadcast)→ 远距离播送
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):(向远处)播送(的节目) → 电视广播。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/telecast)
    • 例句:The match was telecast live.
  • televise [C1](用电视播出)

    • 拆解:tele-(far)+ vis-(see)+ -e(动词)→ 远处看(播出让人看)
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):通过电视把画面“送到远处让人看” → 用电视播出。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/televise)
    • 例句:The final will be televised worldwide.
  • telework [C1](远程工作)

    • 拆解:tele-(far)+ work → 远距离工作
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):不在现场、通过通信手段完成工作 → 远程工作。(OED: https://www.oed.com/dictionary/telework_n)
    • 例句:Many roles now allow telework.
  • telemetry [C1](遥测)

    • 拆解:tele-(far)+ -metry(measure)→ 远距离测量
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):在远端采集/传回测量数据 → 遥测。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/telemetry)
    • 例句:We collect telemetry from all clients.
  • telemetry [C1](遥测)

    • 拆解:tele-(far)+ metry(metr, measure)→ 远距离测量
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):遥测(远程测量数据)。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/telemetry)
    • 例句:We collect telemetry from all clients.
  • telepathy [C1](心灵感应):tele- + path-(feeling)。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/telepathy)

    • 例句:Good teams sometimes seem to work by telepathy.
  • telephoto [C1](长焦的;远摄的)

    • 拆解:tele-(far)+ photo-(light)→ 远处取像(靠光成像)
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):能把远处景物“拉近成像”的 → 长焦的;远摄的。(Wiktionary: https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/telephoto)
    • 例句:A telephoto lens is useful for wildlife photography.
  • teleworker [C1](远程工作者)

    • 拆解:telework(远程工作)+ -er(人)→ 远程工作的人
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):从事 telework 的人 → 远程工作者。
    • 例句:Teleworkers often rely on stable internet.
  • telemedicine [C1](远程医疗)

    • 拆解:tele-(far)+ medicine(医疗)→ 远距离医疗
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):通过通信手段在距离很远的情况下提供医疗服务 → 远程医疗。(OED: https://www.oed.com/dictionary/telemedicine_n)
    • 例句:Telemedicine helps patients in remote areas.
  • telecommunication [C1](远程通信)

    • 拆解:tele-(far)+ communication(交流/通信)→ 远距离交流
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):在距离很远的两端进行信息交换 → 远程通信。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/telecommunication)
    • 例句:Telecommunication infrastructure supports remote services.

C. 关联词根词缀

关联词根(非本文主讲)

(本词表暂无可登记的其他词根/词干)

组合词素(Combining forms,建议可单列)

  • photo-:在 B 词汇表中出现

词缀(Affixes,不单列,仅登记)

  • -e:telephone / telegram / telegraph / telecommute / teleconference
  • -er:teleconference / teleworker
  • -graph:telegraph
  • -ion:telecommunication
  • -metry:telemetry / telemetry
  • gram-:telegram
  • path-:telepathy
  • phon-:telephone
  • scope-
  • vis-:televise

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