词根:techn
关键点:核心义是“强/支撑/加固”。把 fortis 想成一股“承重力”:能把结构顶住(fort/fortress),也能把力量推出去(effort),还能把人心扶稳(comfort)。希腊 techne = skill / craft(技艺;手艺)。把它想成“力场/要塞”:一方面是 strong,一方面是把东西“加固/支撑起来”。techn- 表“技术、工艺”。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/technology)
目录
A. 意象化理解
技艺 从“手艺、技巧”到“技术(technology)、技术官僚(technocracy)、工艺(technique)。technology = 技艺的学问/体系;technical = 与技艺有关的 → 技术的。
(技术语境):把系统当作“城防工程”:fortify=加固边界;effort=把力打出去;comfort=给用户“稳住”的支撑。
三条路径:fort/fortress(防御)→ effort(出力)→ comfort/fortitude(扶稳/坚韧)。
B. 词汇表
technology [A2](技术):techn-(skill)+ -ology(study/system)。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/technology)
- 例句:The technology is still evolving.
technical [B1](技术的):techn- + -ical。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/technical)
- 例句:We need a technical review before merge.
technique [B1](技巧;手法):techn- + -ique(法语后缀)。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/technique)
- 例句:She used a simple technique to debug the race condition.
technician [B2](技师):techn- + -ician。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/technician)
- 例句:A technician will fix the server on site.
technically [B2](派生词)
- 拆解:technical + -ly(副词后缀)。
- 释义(按词根词缀推导):以…的方式 → …地。
- 例句:Handle errors technically.
technological [B2](技术的;科技的)
- 拆解:technology(技术体系)+ -ical(…的)→ 与技术体系相关的
- 释义(按词根词缀推导):从“技艺之学”延伸为“与技术/科技相关” → 技术的;科技的。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/technological)
- 例句:Technological progress can create new risks.
polytechnic [C1](综合技术)
- 拆解:poly-(many)+ techn-(skill)+ -ic → 多 + 技术
- 释义(按词根词缀推导):综合技术(多种技艺)。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/polytechnic)
- 例句:He studied at a polytechnic.
technocracy [C1](技术官僚):techn- + -cracy(rule)。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/technocracy)
- 例句:Some see Silicon Valley as a technocracy.
technophile [C1](技术爱好者)
- 拆解:techn-(skill)+ phil-(love)+ -e → 爱技术(的人)
- 释义(按词根词缀推导):技术爱好者。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/technophile)
- 例句:He’s a real technophile.
pyrotechnics [C1](烟火技术)
- 拆解:pyro-(fire)+ techn-(skill)+ -ics → 火 + 技术
- 释义(按词根词缀推导):烟火技术。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/pyrotechnics)
- 例句:The show featured pyrotechnics.
technologist [C1](技术专家;技术人员)
- 拆解:technology(技术体系)+ -ist(从业者/信奉者)→ 技术领域从业者
- 释义(按词根词缀推导):以“技术体系”为专业对象的人 → 技术专家;技术人员。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/technologist)
- 例句:A technologist reviewed the new architecture.
technophobia [C1](技术恐惧)
- 拆解:techn-(skill)+ phob-(fear)+ -ia → 对技术的恐惧
- 释义(按词根词缀推导):技术恐惧。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/technophobia)
- 例句:Technophobia is common among some users.
biotechnology [C1](生物技术)
- 拆解:bio-(life)+ technology(技术体系)→ 生命相关的技术体系
- 释义(按词根词缀推导):把“生命过程/生物材料”纳入技术体系 → 生物技术。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/biotechnology)
- 例句:Biotechnology is used in medicine and agriculture.
polytechnically [C1](派生词):
- 拆解:polytechnic + -ally(副词后缀,-ic → -ically)。
- 释义(按词根词缀推导):在…方面/以…方式 → …地。
- 例句:We analyze the issue polytechnically.
technologically [C1](在技术上;从技术角度)
- 拆解:technological(技术的)+ -ly(副词)→ 以技术方式
- 释义(按词根词缀推导):以“技术的方式/角度”来表达 → 在技术上;从技术角度。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/technological)
- 例句:The system is technologically feasible.
C. 关联词根词缀
关联词根(非本文主讲)
(本词表暂无可登记的其他词根/词干)
组合词素(Combining forms,建议可单列)
- bio-:在 B 词汇表中出现
- poly-:在 B 词汇表中出现
词缀(Affixes,不单列,仅登记)
- -ally:technically / polytechnically / technologically
- -cracy:technocracy
- -e:technology / technical / technique / technician / technically
- -ia:technician / technophobia
- -ic:technical / technician / technically / technological / polytechnic
- -ical:technical / technically / technological / polytechnically / technologically
- -ician:technician
- -ics:pyrotechnics
- -ique:technique
- -ist:technologist
- -ly:technically / polytechnic / polytechnically / technologically
- -ology:technology / biotechnology
- phil-:technophile
- phob-:technophobia
- pyro-:pyrotechnics