Skip to content

词根学习:mit / miss

关键点:核心义是“强/支撑/加固”。把 fortis 想成一股“承重力”:能把结构顶住(fort/fortress),也能把力量推出去(effort),还能把人心扶稳(comfort)。拉丁 mittere = send(送、放、派)。把它想成“力场/要塞”:一方面是 strong,一方面是把东西“加固/支撑起来”。mit- 为动词词干,miss- 为过去分词词干,常见于名词、形容词。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/mission)

目录

A. 意象化理解

  • 从“派人、发信”到“把信号/权限/任务派出去”。mission = 被派出去的任务;dismiss = 送走、解散。

  • submit:从下面送上去 → 提交、服从;permit:让(某物)通过送过去 → 允许。

  • (技术语境):把系统当作“城防工程”:fortify=加固边界;effort=把力打出去;comfort=给用户“稳住”的支撑。

  • 三条路径:fort/fortress(防御)→ effort(出力)→ comfort/fortitude(扶稳/坚韧)。

B. 词汇表

  • emit [B2](发出)

    • 拆解:e-(out)+ mit-(send)→ 送出去
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):把(光/热/信号)送出去 → 发出。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/emit)
    • 例句:The sensor emits a pulse every second.
  • omit [B2](省略;遗漏)

    • 拆解:来自拉丁 omittere(ob- + mittere)。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/omit)
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):把某项“放掉/不送出” → 省略;遗漏。
    • 例句:Do not omit critical details.
  • remit [B2](汇款;宽恕)

    • 拆解:re-(back)+ mit-(send)→ 送回去
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):把钱送回去 → 汇款;或“把(罪)送走” → 宽恕。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/remit)
    • 例句:Please remit payment by the due date.
  • commit [B2](承诺;提交)

    • 拆解:com-(together)+ mit-(send)→ 送在一起、托付
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):把…送在一起(托付) → 承诺、提交;版本控制里即把改动“送进”仓库。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/commit)
    • 例句:Commit your changes and push to the remote branch.
  • permit [B2](允许;许可证)

    • 拆解:per-(through)+ mit-(send)→ 让…通过(送过去)
    • 释义:让(行为/人)通过 → 允许;名词 = 允许的凭证。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/permit)
    • 例句:The firewall does not permit inbound traffic on that port.
  • submit [B2](提交;服从)

    • 拆解:sub-(under)+ mit-(send)→ 从下面送上去
    • 释义:把…送上去 → 提交;或“把自己置于下方” → 服从。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/submit)
    • 例句:Submit your PR before the code freeze.
  • dismiss [B2](解散;解雇;不予考虑)

    • 拆解:dis-(apart, away)+ miss-(send)→ 送走
    • 释义:把…送走 → 解散、解雇、驳回。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/dismiss)
    • 例句:The manager dismissed the idea as impractical.
  • mission [B2](任务;使命)

    • 拆解:miss-(sent)+ -ion → 被送出去(的任务)
    • 释义:被派出去做的事 → 任务、使命。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/mission)
    • 例句:Our mission is to simplify deployment.
  • emission [B2](排放;散发)

    • 拆解:e-(out)+ miss-(send)+ -ion → 送出去(的东西/行为)
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):被“送出去”的(气体/光等) → 排放、散发。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/emission)
    • 例句:We track carbon emissions per deployment.
  • transmit [B2](传输;传送)

    • 拆解:trans-(across)+ mit-(send)→ 送过去
    • 释义:从一端送到另一端 → 传输、传送。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/transmit)
    • 例句:Data is transmitted over TLS.
  • dismissal [B2](解雇;解散;驳回)

    • 拆解:dismiss + -al(名词后缀:行为/结果)。
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):“送走/驳回”的结果 → 解雇;解散;驳回。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/dismissal)
    • 例句:The dismissal of the request was automatic.
  • commitment [B2](承诺;投入;提交的结果)

    • 拆解:commit + -ment(名词后缀:行为/结果)。
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):承诺/投入这一状态;也可指“提交后形成的承诺/约束”。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/commitment)
    • 例句:The commitment was recorded in the audit log.
  • permission [B2](许可;允许)

    • 拆解:permit(per- + mit)+ -sion / -ion(名词后缀)→ 允许这一“行为/结果”。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/permission)
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):让事情“通过”的授权 → 许可。
    • 例句:You need permission to access the repo.
  • submission [B2](提交;屈从;提交物)

    • 拆解:submit(sub- + mit)+ -sion / -ion → 提交这一“行为/结果”。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/submission)
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):提交;(态度)屈从;也可指提交的内容。
    • 例句:Your submission will be reviewed.
  • dismissally [B2](派生词)

    • 拆解:dismissal + -ly(副词后缀)。
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):以…的方式 → …地
    • 例句:Handle errors dismissally.
  • intermittent [B2](间歇的)

    • 拆解:inter-(between)+ mit-(send)+ -ent → 在中间断着送
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):在中间断开的 → 间歇的。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/intermittent)
    • 例句:We saw intermittent errors in the logs.
  • transmission [B2](传输;传播;传动)

    • 拆解:transmit(trans- + mit)+ -sion / -ion → “送过去”的过程/结果。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/transmission)
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):传输;(医学)传播;(机械)传动装置。
    • 例句:Transmission is encrypted end-to-end.
  • omission [C1](遗漏;省略)

    • 拆解:来自拉丁 omittere(ob- + mittere),字面义“放开/放掉”,引申为“漏掉”。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/omission)
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):把某项“放掉/没送上去” → 遗漏;省略。
    • 例句:The report contains an omission in the summary.
  • remittance [C1](汇款;汇款额)

    • 拆解:remit + -ance(名词后缀:行为/结果)。
    • 释义(按词根词缀推导):把钱“送回去”的行为/款项 → 汇款;汇款额。(Etymonline: https://www.etymonline.com/word/remittance)
    • 例句:Monthly remittances support the family.

C. 关联词根词缀

关联词根(非本文主讲)

(本词表暂无可登记的其他词根/词干)

组合词素(Combining forms,建议可单列)

(本词表暂无可登记的组合词素)

词缀(Affixes,不单列,仅登记)

  • -al:dismissal / dismissally
  • -ance:remittance
  • -ent:commitment / intermittent
  • -ion:mission / emission / permission / submission / transmission
  • -ly:dismissally
  • -ment:commitment
  • com-:commit / commitment
  • dis-:dismiss / dismissal / dismissally
  • e-:emit / remit / permit / emission / commitment
  • inter-:intermittent
  • per-:permit / permission
  • re-:remit / remittance
  • sub-:submit / submission
  • trans-:transmit / transmission

© Vieup. All rights reserved.